Page 169 - ibdaa

Ÿ-b<¡~9¡EH Ÿ-bJxƒF ˆ*]+°( * 168

zEb³* –~|ŒD*

f£~zŒ›D* fŒ•’D*

Psychic Costs

bm-b+ Ix1&* f<yFH —bj˜D* –£c~6 ¢•< f£/bgF°( * ,4b~zsD* bm-b+ f<yF ”b›G °& 4b’A&°* –~¦A&b+ ¤›GwD* ~|†D* ¤-&bJ ° ]B
(* JxŒD* œ˜~9 –˜†J bE]›< –£~8°& * ˆ]c˜D* bž•˜pgJ ¤gD* f£~zŒ›D* fŒ•’D* ¤A f•’~{˜D* œE $y/ –j˜gJH "¤<b˜g/°* ‡’Q ~zgD*"
|s~{D* *wG œ’DH ¥2b< x£= ¡’£~6 f•£~8*& fJx€+ x’ŒJ ¥wD* |s~{D* (bA ¤DbgDb+H fJ2b< x£= b˜K )*2 ¡’- f£•~8°& * 4b’A&°*
x£=H fc†~|D* H&* ,3b~{Db+ ~8¡- ]B bžF*& ]£+ bžgDb~8°& š*xg0°b+ 4b’A&°* wG ¢ƒp- ]BH “D3 $*x/ š*xg0°* ¢•< –~|pJ ]B

"f•£•B ib<bA" 2xmE bžF*& H*& fJ2b†D*

~|D* eÉ: ‡/*x- ,xGb; ™žA ¢•< bF]<b~z- &* œ’˜J f£~zŒ›D* fŒ•’D* œE ‚b˜F&°* wG &* e "¡’F4" œ£Q + ]D
œE b_K £~7 *H]A ™žFb& CH *H]+ ™ž›’DH œ£<]cE ‡+*xD* ~|D* –cB —bŒ:°& * œE x£jC bCH ,]pg˜D* ibJ°¡D* ¤A ‡+*xD*
]£Dbg•D f£~6b~z0 xjC&* fG*x˜D* f•0xE ¤A ¡’F k£0 ¤/¡D¡£cD* bF4¡€gD b~K6b’†F* *wG bC b˜+4H f›Eb’D* f£<*]+(°* ™ž-bBb:
œE f/42 œE ‡+*xD* ~|D* eÉ: ¦†+ ¤Fb†J œ£0 bJK ¡+x- dc~zD* ¡’J ]BH Ÿ+ ¡' c›gD* œ’˜JH bJK ]£•- b›C¡•~6 ¡’J ¤DbgDb+H
œ˜~¦gJ ]BH ¡˜•†˜D* 4xJ bE *HwŒ›J ¤’DH f~64]˜D* œ£F*¡D *¡<b~|›JH *¡Eyg•J ¢g0 “D3H f•£•B hFbC ¡DH ¢g0 ‰~¦D*
]J]~7 *xB&°* ‰~9 &* š¡•†˜D* œEH ™žF*xB*& ‡E *¡˜m~z›J *& ¡cpJ x˜†D* *wG ¤A —bŒ:°& * *& 3(* –Œ€D* *xB*& dc~zD*
x~{›D* ]£B “Gets” "zg="H "ibJ4¡D"H "¡’F4" |sD ]BH ¥2b< x£= ŸF°& x-¡gDb+ x†~{J ]B ˆ]c˜D* –Œ€D* œ’D *]K /
¢•< hAx~8 ¤gD* 42b~|˜D*H hB¡D* f£DbE fŒ•C –˜~{- ¤<*]+(°* –˜†•D fŒ•CH b˜.&* b~¦K J*& ”b›G" ¤DbgD* ¡p›D* ¢•< fŒ•’D* x.*&
bcK Db=H ¤<*]+(°* –˜†D* fž/*¡E ¤A 5xc- bE *xK £jC ¤gD* ibc†D* 5Hbm- ]›< ¤Œ:b†D* ‘y˜gD*H •D* –jE f£~zŒF fŒ•CH –˜†D*
–˜~{- ]BH šbž˜D* 5bmF°( Ÿg£†A*2 ¢•< H*& Ÿ~zŒ›+ |s~{D* f. ¢•< ¤<*]+°( * –˜†D* A*x- ¤gD* ¢DH°& * –†ŒD* ,24 x.¡' - ]B bE
™žDb˜<*& f˜£B œE –•S JO œJwD* e*x-&°*H *xB&°* *& b˜C fcJx‰D* |s~{D* 4b’A&* dc~z+ f£<b˜g/* fDy< bK ~¦J*& f£~zŒ›D* fŒ•’D*

Ÿ-x~8bpE ¡DHbpJ H*& ™žm<yJ ¥wD* |s~{D* fcBb†E ¢D*( ¡†~zJ ]B ,]J]/ f£<*]+(* 4b’A&* ¢•< bž)*¡g0* dc~z+

f£~9*xgA°* –˜†D* ‘xA

Virtual Teams

*& H2 œ’D ]0*H JxŒC ¡•˜†J œJwD* f£~9*xgA°* –˜†D* ‘xŒD f£•˜< ,])bA ”b›G b& + f£~zŒ›D* fŒ•’D* ,x’A ¤0¡-
d•€gJ ° ŸF°& x~7bc˜D* ¤›GwD* ~|†D* œE f£Db†A xjC*& ¡’J ]B ¤FHxg’D°( * ¤›GwD* ~|†D* &* H*& Ÿ/¡D bžK /H b†K E *¡~z•mJ
&* (Sosik et al. 1998) ŸBbA4H "“£~6¡~6" ]/H ]A f•£~8&°* 4b’A&ÉD f•˜gp˜D* fŒ•’D* ¦Œs›- ¤DbgDb+H $b˜~6&°* xC3
f€+b~¦D* ib<¡˜m˜D* œE fFHxE xjC*& hFbCH fDb~8°& * œE ¢•<&* ib/42 ¢•< h•~|0 $b˜~6°& * œE ÉK Œ= ¡’- ¤gD* ib<¡˜m˜D*
ib~z~6¡' ˜D* $b~¦<&* œE Db& g- ib<¡˜mE" bžFb& + f£~9*xgA°* ‘xŒD* (Nemiro, 2002) "Hx£˜£F" hAxQ < ]BH $b˜~6°& * fAHx†E
"Hx£E¡F" i2]0H 8 ibE¡•†˜D* b£/¡D¡›’- š*]sg~6b+ ™žDb˜<&* œE xcC&°* $ymD* Hym›J k£p+ b£K A*x‰/ ,]<bcg˜D*
,]J]~7 –0*x˜D* wGH bž˜££- ™. bG'HbžF*( ™. bGxJ¡€- ™. ,x’ŒD* ]£D¡- ¤G ‘xŒD* wG –˜†D –0*xE ‡+4*& f£Œ~8H f~6*42 ¤A
œ£+ –~8*¡gD*H 4H2 i]C&* "Hx£E¡F" &* ™=4 6°*H e ¡’F4 ÉK jE xƒF&* ˆ*]+°( * f£•˜†D Ix1&* o3b˜›+ Ÿc~{D*
‡+4°& * –0*x˜D* œE f•0xE –C –1*2 ˆ¡›- ]B –~8*¡gD* “D3 &* q~9*¡D* œE *]+H fp~9*H ebc~6&° ¤~9*xgA°* JxŒD* $b~¦<&*