Page 129 - ibdaa
P. 129
-b<¡~9¡EH -bJxF *]+°( * 128
+*xD* ~|D*
*]+(°* ib£< £+ 4bpgF°* H]/
bJx£+ ¡/ ¥¡m£G h~zFxJ*
lÉ+ b£j£~6 HxF¡E £D4bE
JxC i4bG ¡g~z~6 *%
DHH b££/x£A xC4b+ ¤-H4H2
F4¡£- °%*
¡.H4 4bE zC4]£G ¤£/
]D b/ +¡= z£Fb/
i¡+bC bEHx-
£c_gD* x£= 8bs~7&°* &*H Gx£- ¤A ¡£B*H £c_gD* *& bG2bE f£~z+ fJxs~z+ ¤D* kpcD* ¤0¡JH *wG
JwD* G ib~6*4]D* wG ¤A £c_gD* *( " bD¡+ D3 (Miller & Porter, 1988) x-4¡+H x£E x~zA ]BH ££B*H x£=
J bEH bc~¦F°*H ,x£~zD* GH £< *]+ JwD* G £c_gD* x£= bCH f£B*H xjC*& *¡FbC ]D fB2H f£FÉ< *Hx;&*
H*& 4bpgF°b+ |s~{D* xJ bE]< ,x£~zD* GH ~{J b+xDH 8 y£G ~zcgB* ")bgD* y£pgD*" ¢Q ~zJ *
]BH £FxE x£=H £E4b~8 *¡F¡J &* ¤A f<yF J]D 8bs~7°& * ¦+ DH ¤B*¡D* x£gD* f~8xA G¡D* *wG D q£gJ b+4
4bpgF°* ¤A x£gDb+ ¡' cgD* ¤A bQ E *xE&* fFHxD* ]<H fE*x~|D* &* (Mraz & Runco, 1994) "¡F4"H "5*xE" ]/H
bE]sg~6* bC fgsD* iÉ~{D* 0 i*4bE E *2K ]<H f+%bD* b~642H )*]cD* 2]gE ¢pE bj0bcD* ]sg~6* ]BH
fAb~9*( fgsE f£AxE fJ'¡c- i*x~7¡' E fg~6 b~|p- QN . EH ~6bgD* ~|D* xF* ¥]<bcgD* x£gD fgsE i*4bcg1* b~¦K J&*
fFHxD* ]< fDb0 bc~zpD* ¤A iw1&* i*¡' cgD* 2*& D 4bpgF°* ¤A x£gD* < Q - ¤gD* É~zg~6°*H 6b& £D* fDb0 ¢D*(
DH iÉ~{D* E x£cC 2]< ]£D¡- ¤A |s~{D* fBÉ: 2*2y- bE]< bK B¡gE ¡J 4bpgF°* ¤A x£gD* &* ¤J *wGH b~¦K J&*
b0 ¤A bFK xE -*3 hB¡D* ¤A ¡J °
A f+b% D* z£JbE ¢< ]g<* ¥wD* ¡' cgD* dFb/ ¢D*( 4bpgF°b+ ¡' cgD* ¤A ÉK A fJx£gD* ¡£D* wG m- ]<b~6 ]D
f£B2 ,4¡~8 J¡gD bK E £_£~{D* JwG 2¡/H E ]Q + ° F*& ¤J bE 2¡mD*H fBÉD* £+ b£K )b~|0*( ÉK <b- '¡cgD* ~¦gJH
¦BbJ *wGH ,]0*¡D* f~{D f+b~{gEH f£B °K ¡0 IxJ |s~{D* *& b£~zD* *wG ¤A 2¡mD* ¤JH 4bpgF°b+ x£gD* ¡0
¢D*( ~|JH f+%bDb+ |s~{D* eb~|J *& ¡D* E H]cJH fc~{gD* ¡pD* E f~¦Jx< f~z~6 IxJ ¥wD* xD* |s~{D*
fDHbpE £+ xD* bG xCwgF b<2 ¡pD* E f£B b:K bF*& H iÉ~{D* E *xK £cC *2K ]< J]D &* ; *3(* 4bpgF°* fDHbpE
~¦J bE bG z£DH 4bpgF°* ¡~9¡E ¤A xJ |s~{D* &* ¤J 4bpgF°* ¤A x£gD* *& 3(* 4bpgF°* ¤A x£gD*H 4bpgF°*
f£~zD* i*2b£D* $bc:&* J bE D bJK 2b< *xK E&* *wG xcgJ ]BH 4bpgF°* ¤A HxJ 6bD* E x£jA ,xD* wG w£~6 F*&
w£gD fpE f1 4¡JH 4bpgF°* ¤A b£QK E |s~{D* D3 xJ bE]< ¡G
bAb~9*& ]BH ¥4bpgF°* x£gDb+ fBÉ< fFHxD* ]<H d~|gD *& (Schott & Clum, 1987) "CH" "i¡~6" ]/H ]D
f~8 xjC&* 4bpgF°* ¤A x£gD* *& *]gJ "¡F4" H "5*xE" A bE zD* ¢< bDH £EbD* JwG ¢D(* x-¡gD*
bpD* f£c+ n)bgD* Ég1* zJH CH i¡~6 b~¦K J*& xF*& fJx£gD* ib<yD* E *]/¡D*H 6&b£D*H f+b% Db+
H "5*xE" I¡~6 fJ'¡cgD* i*x~7'¡D* £+ iÉ<bgD* 4bcg1b+ bB *& ]0&° c~zJ D 3(* fE]sg~zD* fgsD* £pgD* d£Db~6*&
f£~zcD* "f~z£)xD* n)bgD*" E xjC&* ÉK A l]pJ bE ¢< fD*2 ¡- iÉ<bgD* &* ¤GH fD* wG f£G*& H]c- bGH "¡F4"
]£D¡- ,4bc< *]sg~6* £+ bBK xA bG *& q~9*¡D* EH f£AxD*H f£:bD* fJ2xD* ib<yD* E ,bg~zD* i*¡' cgD* EH

