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Ÿ-b<¡~9¡EH Ÿ-bJxƒF ˆ*]+(°* 38

—H&°* –~|ŒD*

,2b†~zD* f£Db˜g0* ‡E ,b£pD* fAbs~6 fJ2¡/¡D* fŒ~z•ŒD* 24H*& ]BH b˜žCÉgE* ¢•< ,4]D* ¤A fJ2xA ‘HxA 2¡/H ¢D*( fAb~9(°b+
i*4b~|cg~6°* ¢•< f•jE&bC ]0*H *% ¤A Ÿg<x~6H ™~zmD* ‡B¡E ]J]p- œ’˜J ° k£0 "‹xcFyJbG " ]›< “~{D* &*]cEH bž£A

(chaos theory) ¢~9¡ŒD* fJxƒF *& b›G £~9*& bF*& H i*2b~¦g˜D*H ib~¦Bb›g˜D* ¤A ˆ]c˜D* |s~{D* x£’Œ- œ< b& ~{›- ¤gD*
(Gleick, 1987, p.15) "™ƒ›E e*x€~9*" ¢~9¡ŒD* &° š¡žŒ˜D* *wG ¢•< °K bjE Ix1°& * ¤G ]†-

Smolucha &) ¤’£g’DbJ]D* x’ŒD* ¤A f££0 f+¡†~8 H]mJ ™žA ib£•˜†D* wG £;¡- bcK Db= —bŒ:°& * ‡£€g~zJ °H
]0*H *% ¤A ib~¦Bb›gE ‡E –Eb†g- bžF&* ¢›†˜+ ¤=*xŒD* o*H25°( *H f£~6¡FbmD* ¤g£•˜< –.b˜J x’A ¡GH (Smolucha,1986

œ£g£~9xŒD* oyE ¢D*( fJbž›D* ¤A 2¡-H ,2b~¦˜D* f£~9xŒD* 2b~¦E 4¡ƒ›EH f£~9xA œ£†E 4¡ƒ›˜+ f£’£g’DbJ]D* f£•˜†D* &*]c-H
d•€gJ ¡žA ÉK ž~6 *xK E*& z£D ib~¦Bb›g˜D* œ£+ ‡˜mD* (* bJK xGb; b-2b~¦gE œ£g£~9xŒD* *& œE ™=xD* ¢•< d£Cx- b†K E
(Smolucha&Smolucha,1986) ,x1&bg˜D* fG*x˜D* f•0xE –cB “D3 lH]0 –ž~zD* œE z£DH *xK £cC b£K Ax†E b:K b~{F

]0*H %* ¤A œ£Gbm-* ¤A xƒ›D* ‡£€g~zJ ¥wD* 6¡Fb/ bEHxD* ŸD*( –’~{D*

ibF¡’˜D* ibJxƒF

Componential Theories

”xpgD* d•€g- ° ibF¡’˜D* ibJxƒF œ’D –0*x˜D* ibJxƒF –†Œ- b˜C f£<*]+(°* fAx†˜D* ibF¡’˜D* ibJxƒF q~9¡-
¡’J –0*x˜D* o3b˜F ¤ŒA –0*x˜D* ¤A —bpD* ¡G b˜C f•1*]gE ibF¡’˜D* ¡’- ° šb< –’~{+H f•0xE f•0xE H&* ,¡€1 ,¡€1
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f~8b1 i*4bžE e H f˜ž˜D* ¡pF f£†A*]D* &* –˜~{- ibF¡’E fJxƒF ÉK jE "–£+bE&* " 9x< ]BH ¤€sD* š]gD* œE Ÿ~zŒF