Page 57 - ibdaa

Ÿ-b<¡~9¡EH Ÿ-bJxƒF ˆ*]+°( * 56

ÁbjD* –~|ŒD*

"f£<*]+°( * ,4]D* ¤A ¡JyŒ•gD* ,]Gb~{E x.'¡- –G –’~{D*

—b’~7*& œE x~{g›EH x’cE –’~7 ¡GH œJ]D*¡D* ]A 4b~{gF* dc~6 x£~zŒ- ¤A Ÿ-*3 €›˜D* ¢•< "ixcD*& " ]˜g<* ]D
–B&°*H $b£C3&°* —bŒ:&°*H œ£<]c˜D* —bŒ:°& * œ£+ bK 0° "¡’F4" H "ixcD*& " 4bB ™. œ£+¡G¡˜D* —bŒ:°& * œ£+ ])*]~{D*
bE*& fJ2HH f•˜gpE " hFbC œ£<]c˜D* x£= $b£C3°& * ¥&* "$b£ŒC&°* " —bŒ:°& *H $b+°% * œ£+ ibBɆD* *& *xC3H b<K *]+(*
H "ixcD&*" rxgB*H 8 8 "b<K *]+*( –B°& * $b£C3&°* —bŒ:°& * œE $b~94(* d†~8&*H $*]< xjC&* b’A ˆ]c˜D* –Œ€D*
ib<*x~|D* ”*42(* ¤A hc’D* d£Db~6&* œ£<]c˜D* fG*x˜D* –cB bE —bŒ:*& –˜†g~zJ &* ¤A ÉK £•B °K b˜g0* ”b›G" &* "i¡£D*( "
xjC*& 4¡†~{D* œE ,2]†gE ibJ¡g~zE ¤A ibE¡•†˜D* 42b~|E ¢D(* —¡1]•D f£Ax†E i*4]B “D3 dFb/ ¢D*( ™žJ]D &*H f£~|s~{D*
ibJxƒF œE *xK £jC b( A ¤~9x˜D* zŒ›D* ™•< —Hb›gJ ¥wD* –~|ŒD* ¤A Ix›~6 b˜CH 8 " œ£<]c˜D* 6b›D* I]D b˜E
(e.g., Dudek & Verreault 1989; Kubie 1958; Rothenberg 1990) 4¡†~{D* –cB bE ib£•˜< ¢•< yCx- ˆ*]+(°*

]D fJ2b< x£= iÉ£~¦Œ- ¢D(* 2¡- ]B bž›’D £’gD* ¢•< œ£<]c˜D* 2*xA&°* ,4]B ¤A ])*]~{D* ™ž~z- &* œ’˜˜D* œEH
ypD*H ¢~6°& * ,xcs+ 4Hx˜D* ]†+ l]pJ bE Barron, 1963b "H4b+" q~9H&*

f†g˜D* —b’~7*& œE –’~7 ¢•< —¡~|pD* fjD* œE f/4]+ œ’˜J k£p+ ¤€›˜D* $b›cD* ¦0]- *& œ’˜J Ix1*& B*¡E œ< kpc•D ‡A*2 ]D¡gJ
*HxE ]B 8bs~7°& * $°¡' G *& ]m£D ,b£pD* xN £~P6 bF]0&* &*xJ bE]›< ˆ]c˜D* ™Db†D* H&* b›ŒD* w)]›< xžƒ£A ™D&°*H x-¡gD*H bExpD* œE x£jC ]†+
–~¦ŒJ &* ™•†- ¥wD* ¡G ˆ]c˜D* |s~{D* fBb<(°* ¢D*( b~zF°( * 2¡- &* œ’˜J i*xc1 bžF&* ™=4 ™žAbgC*& ¢•< bG¡•˜0H ™D&°*H ¢~6°& * œE i*xcs+

8 *]K J]/ bEK bƒF “D3 œE ‡›~|J &* ŸFb’Eb( + &* jJH fp~9*¡D* ¢~9¡ŒD*H f£Ebƒ›D* x£= 4¡E&°*

£’gD* ¤A ]ž/ –C —wcJ ¢g0 2xŒD* I]D f£†A*2 2¡/H ,4Hx~¦D *xK ƒF bcK Jx= b_K £~7 z£D ˆ*]+(°* ¤A ])*]~{D* 4H2 *(
f£•1*]D* f£†A*]Db+ £’gD* +4 ]A "Ÿ£/b£+ " fJxƒF ¢D*( 2]~|D* *wG ¤A 2¡†F *& b››’˜JH (Runco, 2005) ˆ*]+°( *H
œ< xƒ›D* Žx~|+H f£†A*]D* £’gD b£K .*4H b~K6b~6*& ”b›G *& x†~7 ]A ¤/¡D¡£cD* 4¡ƒ›EH f£/¡D¡£cD* Ÿg£Œ•1 ¢D(* *2K b›g~6*H
œE Ÿc›m- ¢D(* “D3 ™ž†A]JH *y-°* š]†+ *Hx†~{J &* ¡cpJ ° x~{cD* *& ¡G z£)xD* 9*xgA°* (bA ‡c€gD*H ‡c€D* fD&b~zE
œ£+ "Ÿ/b£+" +4 *( (Cohen, 1989; Runco, 1994d) f£<*]+*( ibŒ£’gD* wG ¡’- bE bcK Db=H £’gD* f£•˜< —É1